Antimicrobial and Mycotoxin Reducing Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Influence on Blood and Feces Parameters of Newborn Calves

Paulina Zavistanaviciute; Modestas Ruzauskas; Ramunas Antanaitis; Mindaugas Televicius; Vita Lele; Antonello Santini; Elena Bartkiene

doi:10.3390/ani13213345

Antimicrobial and Mycotoxin Reducing Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Influence on Blood and Feces Parameters of Newborn Calves

Animals (Basel). 2023 Oct 27;13(21):3345. doi: 10.3390/ani13213345.

Authors

Paulina Zavistanaviciute^{1

2}, Modestas Ruzauskas^{3

4}, Ramunas Antanaitis⁵, Mindaugas Televicius⁵, Vita Lele^{1

2}, Antonello Santini⁶, Elena Bartkiene^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania.
² Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania.
³ Faculty of Veterinary, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania.
⁴ Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania.
⁵ Large Animal Clinic, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania.
⁶ Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of in acid whey (AW) multiplied Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LUHS135 (L.pl135), Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LUHS244 (L.pc244), and their biomass combination on newborn calves' feces and blood parameters. Additionally, the antimicrobial and mycotoxin-reducing properties and the resistance to antibiotics of the tested lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were analyzed. In order to ensure effective biomass growth in AW, technological parameters for the supplement preparation were selected. Control calves were fed with a standard milk replacer (SMR) and treated groups (from the 2nd day of life until the 14th day) were supplemented with 50 mL of AW_L.pl135, AW_L.pc244, and AW_{L.pl135×L.pc244} (25 mL AW_L.pl135 + 25 mL AW_L.pc244) in addition to SMR. It was established that L.pl135 and L.pc244 possess broad antimicrobial activities, are non-resistant to the tested antibiotics, and reduce mycotoxin concentrations in vitro. The optimal duration established for biomass growth was 48 h (LAB count higher than 7.00 log₁₀ CFU mL^-1 was found after 48 h of AW fermentation). It was established that additional feeding of newborn calves with AW_L.pl135, AW_L.pc244, and AW_{L.pl135×L.pc244} increased lactobacilli (on average by 7.4%), and AW_L.pl135 and AW_L.pc244 reduced the numbers of Enterobacteriaceae in calves' feces. The tested supplements also reduced the lactate concentration (on average, by 42.5%) in calves' blood. Finally, the tested supplements had a positive influence on certain health parameters of newborn calves; however, further research is needed to validate the mechanisms of the beneficial effects.

Keywords: Lacticaseibacillus paracasei; Lactiplantobacillus plantarum; acid whey; antimicrobial properties; blood parameters; feces parameters; mycotoxins; newborn calves.

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.