Differentiation of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells to Exosome-affected Neural-like Cells Extracted from Human Cerebrospinal Fluid Using Bioprinting Process

Mojtaba Cheravi; Javad Baharara; Parichehreh Yaghmaei; Nasim Hayati Roudbari

doi:10.2174/011574888X270145231102062259

Differentiation of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells to Exosome-affected Neural-like Cells Extracted from Human Cerebrospinal Fluid Using Bioprinting Process

Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2023 Nov 10. doi: 10.2174/011574888X270145231102062259. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Mojtaba Cheravi¹, Javad Baharara², Parichehreh Yaghmaei¹, Nasim Hayati Roudbari¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
² Department of Biology and Research Center for Animal Development Applied Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

PMID: 37957915
DOI: 10.2174/011574888X270145231102062259

Abstract

Background: Advancement in tissue engineering has provided novel solutions for creating scaffolds as well as applying induction factors in the differentiation of stem cells. The present research aimed to investigate the differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to neural-like cells using the novel bioprinting method, as well as the effect of cerebrospinal fluid exosomes.

Methods: In the present study, the extent of neuronal proliferation and differentiation of adipose- derived stem cells were explored using the MTT method, immunocytochemistry, and real-- time PCR in the scaffolds created by the bioprinting process. Furthermore, in order to investigate the veracity of the identity of the CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid) derived exosomes, after the isolation of exosomes, dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques were used.

Results: MTT findings indicated survivability and proliferation of cells in the scaffolds created by the bioprinting process during a 14-day period. The results obtained from real-time PCR showed that the level of MAP2 gene (Microtubule Associated Protein 2) expression increased on days 7 and 14, while the expression of the Nestin gene (intermediate filament protein) significantly decreased compared to the control. The investigation to confirm the identity of exosomes indicated that the CSF-derived exosomes had a spherical shape with a 40-100 nm size.

Conclusion: CSF-derived exosomes can contribute to the neuronal differentiation of adipose- derived stem cells in alginate hydrogel scaffolds created by the bioprinting process.

Keywords: 3D bioprinters; Neuronal differentiation; exosomes; human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells..