The miR-210 Primed Endothelial Progenitor Cell Exosomes Alleviate Acute Ischemic Brain Injury

Jinju Wang; Shuzhen Chen; Harshal Sawant; Yanfang Chen; Ji Bihl

doi:10.2174/011574888X266357230923113642

The miR-210 Primed Endothelial Progenitor Cell Exosomes Alleviate Acute Ischemic Brain Injury

Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2023 Nov 10:10.2174/011574888X266357230923113642. doi: 10.2174/011574888X266357230923113642. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Jinju Wang¹, Shuzhen Chen¹, Harshal Sawant¹, Yanfang Chen², Ji Bihl¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV25755, USA.
² Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH45435, USA.

PMID: 37957914
PMCID: PMC11082070 (available on 2025-05-10)
DOI: 10.2174/011574888X266357230923113642

Abstract

Background: Stem cell-released exosomes (EXs) have shown beneficial effects on regenerative diseases. Our previous study has revealed that EXs of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC-EXs) can elicit favorable effects on endothelial function. EXs may vary greatly in size, composition, and cargo uptake rate depending on the origins and stimulus; notably, EXs are promising vehicles for delivering microRNAs (miRs). Since miR-210 is known to protect cerebral endothelial cell mitochondria by reducing oxidative stress, here we study the effects of miR-210-loaded EPC-EXs (miR210-EPC-EXs) on ischemic brain damage in acute ischemic stroke (IS).

Methods: The miR210-EPC-EXs were generated from EPCs transfected with miR-210 mimic. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery was performed to induce acute IS in C57BL/6 mice. EPC-EXs or miR210-EPC-EXs were administrated via tail vein injection 2 hrs after IS. To explore the potential mechanisms, inhibitors of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2)/PI3 kinase (PI3K) or tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB)/PI3k pathways were used. The brain tissue was collected after treatments for infarct size, cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and protein expression (VEGFR2, TrkB) analyses on day two. The neurological deficit score (NDS) was evaluated before collecting the samples.

Results: 1) As compared to EPC-EXs, miR210-EPC-EXs profoundly reduced the infarct volume and improved the NDS on day two post-IS. 2) Fewer apoptosis cells were detected in the peri-infarct brain of mice treated with miR210-EPC-EXs than in EPC-EXs-treated mice. Meanwhile, the oxidative stress was profoundly reduced by miR210-EPC-EXs. 3) The ratios of p-PI3k/PI3k, p- VEGFR2/VEGFR2, and p-TrkB/TrkB in the ipsilateral brain were raised by miR210-EPC-EXs treatment. These effects could be significantly blocked or partially inhibited by PI3k, VEGFR2, or TrkB pathway inhibitors.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that miR210-EPC-EXs protect the brain from acute ischemia- induced cell apoptosis and oxidative stress partially through the VEGFR2/PI3k and TrkB/PI3k signal pathways.

Keywords: Exosomes; acute ischemic stroke; cell apoptosis; endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs); miR-210; oxidative stress.

Abstract

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