Perceived Gaps in Academic Training and Expectations From Refresher Training in Primary Care Nurses at an Urban Metropolis in Northern India: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Background Nursing professionals, comprising the largest workforce engaged in the primary healthcare system, play a pivotal role in addressing population health needs. However, gaps in the training of nurses and midwives in lower-middle-income countries may undermine their performance and necessary skill development for fulfilling key population health needs. Substantial challenges exist in improving the regular curricular and refresher training of diplomate nurses and midwives working in primary care facilities and supporting both clinical care and health promotion functions. The study objective was to conduct a gap analysis in the present nursing curriculum and training profile of general duty midwives working in urban primary health facilities and understand their expectations and preferences from the planned refresher training course. Methods We conducted a qualitative explorative study among General Nursing midwives (GNMs) working in urban primary health facilities in the Gurugram district of Haryana, India to conduct a gap analysis in their present curriculum and training preferences. Results A total of 17 nurses with a mean (SD) age of 33.52 (4.75) years and an average nursing work experience of 5.35 (0.56) years were interviewed in-depth. Lack of practical applicability, complex study material, inexperienced tutors, and weak English language comprehension were key barriers in the existing nursing curriculum. The nurses expressed willingness to participate in refresher training with varied expectations, although there existed a distinct preference for short, flexible, and blended online-offline modes of training. Conclusions Strengthening GNM nursing education should be prioritized in Indian health settings with the focus on improving student comprehension through vernacular instruction when feasible, and capacity building of tutors, with avenues for continued training and education. There is also a need for strengthening the curriculum related to key emergent public health challenges related to non-communicable diseases and mental health, as also skills for client and patient counseling and communication.

Keywords: healthcare; nursing; pedagogy; primary care; training.