Single iterated fractal inspired UWB antenna with reconfigurable notch bands for compact electronics

Musa Hussain; Tanvir Islam; Mohammed S Alzaidi; Dalia H Elkamchouchi; Fahad N Alsunaydih; Fahd Alsaleem; Khaled Alhassoon

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21419

Single iterated fractal inspired UWB antenna with reconfigurable notch bands for compact electronics

Heliyon. 2023 Oct 24;9(11):e21419. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21419. eCollection 2023 Nov.

Authors

Musa Hussain¹, Tanvir Islam², Mohammed S Alzaidi³, Dalia H Elkamchouchi⁴, Fahad N Alsunaydih⁵, Fahd Alsaleem⁵, Khaled Alhassoon⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Electrical Engineering Bahria University Islamabad Campus, Pakistan.
² Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
³ Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah, 56452, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

A simple, compact, and low-profile antenna operating over ultrawideband with high gain is presented in this manuscript. The antenna has dimensions of W × L = 19 mm × 21 mm and is placed on the rear side of the FR-4 substrate material. The antenna contains simple geometry, inspired from a circular fractals, which consists of a circular patch with a CPW feedline. The circular patch is loaded with two fractals patches at both top end of the substrate and the rectangular stub is loaded at the lower side, to improve the antenna's bandwidth. The constructed antenna offers a wide band of 3-13.5 GHz. The antenna geometry also contains three semicircular slots, which are etched to generate the notch bands. Each slot is etched step by step, giving notch bands at 3.9 GHz, 5.2 GHz, and 8.1 GHz. In the final stage, two diodes are added to attain reconfiguration. The antenna offers moderate gain and high radiation efficiency. The hardware model of antenna is engineered to verify the simulated results. Moreover, the antenna is compared with other works in literature. The outcomes of the proposed antenna and comparison with the literature work make the suggested work the best candidate for future UWB portable devices.

Keywords: Compact antenna; Compact electronics; Fractal stubs; Reconfigurable notch-band; UWB.