Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disorder, which is closely associated with insulin resistance, glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. Patients with PCOS have a significantly higher risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and are associated with hyperandrogenemia (HA). However, the exact mechanism by which HA exacerbates hepatic steatosis in PCOS has not yet been fully elucidated. This work aims to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of androgens on hepatic triglyceride (TG) metabolism in rats with PCOS.
Methods: Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (6 rats/group): control, high-fat diet (HFD), PCOS, and PCOS + flutamide (Flu). Changes in the estrous cycle, liver and ovarian tissue sections, serum total testosterone, serum and liver biochemical indicators, and key enzymes involved in TG metabolism were studied.
Results: Hepatocyte steatosis and TG accumulation were more evident in the PCOS group than in the control and HFD groups. The PCOS group showed apparent increases in the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, TG, free fatty acid, fasting insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Hepatic VLDL and apoB-100 levels decreased in the PCOS group. After Flu was administered to block the actions of androgens, the above abnormalities had been improved. The expression of MTTP was greatly decreased in the PCOS group and significantly increased after Flu administration.
Conclusion: Hepatic steatosis in PCOS rats was correlated with HA. Androgens may exacerbate hepatic TG accumulation by downregulating MTTP expression in PCOS.
Keywords: Androgens; Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Triglyceride.
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.