Treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis

Clin Liver Dis. 2024 Feb;28(1):51-61. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2023.07.001. Epub 2023 Aug 25.

Abstract

The goal of autoimmune hepatitis treatment is to achieve clinical and biochemical remission, which is associated with significantly improved outcomes. Induction treatment with corticosteroids and the subsequent addition of steroid-sparing therapy with gradual tapering of corticosteroids remains the standard of care. Several alternatives to azathioprine and second-line agents, such as mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, sirolimus, or rituximab, have been evaluated in those with intolerance or inadequate response to standard-of-care therapy. Treatment withdrawal is achievable in less than 20% of patients after 2 years of sustained remission. Liver transplantation should be considered in those with progressive liver disease or those with complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma.

Keywords: Autoimmune hepatitis; Biochemical remission; Immunosuppression; Liver transplant; Recurrent autoimmune hepatitis; Treatment failure.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
  • Azathioprine / therapeutic use
  • Hepatitis, Autoimmune* / drug therapy
  • Hepatitis, Autoimmune* / pathology
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents* / adverse effects
  • Immunosuppressive Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Mycophenolic Acid / adverse effects
  • Mycophenolic Acid / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Mycophenolic Acid
  • Azathioprine
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones