Rationale: Ovarian squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an exceedingly rare subtype, and high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-related OSCC is even rarer.
Patient concerns: An 8-cm diameter ovarian cyst was detected during a routine B-ultrasound examination, and the patient underwent laparoscopic surgery. Postoperative pathological examination revealed HPV-16-related OSCC involving adjacent uterine tissue. The patient received postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Diagnoses: High-risk HPV-related OSCC.
Interventions: No.
Outcomes: The patient was finally diagnosed with high-risk HPV-related OSCC and underwent surgical treatment.
Lessons subsections: In patients with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who have undergone cervical conization and maintained annual HPV negativity, the possibility of high-risk HPV-related OSCC should be considered, despite its extreme rarity. Vigilance is essential in the presence of ovarian cysts even after HPV clearance.
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