The motivated appeal to hypocrisy: the relation of motivational threats to message rejection

David R Pillow; Willie J Hale; Janelle Kohler; Stephanie Mills; Jasmine Soler

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1253132

The motivated appeal to hypocrisy: the relation of motivational threats to message rejection

Front Psychol. 2023 Oct 20:14:1253132. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1253132. eCollection 2023.

Authors

David R Pillow¹, Willie J Hale¹, Janelle Kohler¹, Stephanie Mills¹, Jasmine Soler¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.

Abstract

Few studies have focused on the conditions in which individuals perceive hypocrisy in others. The current study introduces and tests the Motivated Appeal to Hypocrisy (MAtH) hypothesis. This hypothesis examines core social psychological motivational threats and asks (a) whether these are related to the accounts of individuals in charging others with hypocrisy, and (b) whether these perceptions of hypocrisy are associated with reductions in the persuasiveness of persons targeted as hypocrites. Study 1 ( $N = 201)$ was based on qualitative coding of stories and revealed, as expected, that violations of core social motives involving belongingness, understanding, control, self-enhancement, and trust are involved in participants' stories of hypocrisy. Study 2 ( $N = 237)$ used a multilevel correlational approach and demonstrated that violations of core social motives significantly predict perceptions of hypocrisy and the rejection of a person's message or advice. The relation between social motive violations and message rejection was mediated by perceptions of hypocrisy.

Keywords: belongingness; consistency; control; hypocrisy; message persuasion; motivational threats; self-esteem; trust.