A literature review of the increased intracellular free calcium concentration by biofield therapy or laser exposure. An explanation by using a theoretical study of hydrated calcium ions

Abstract

Introduction: A revision of several experimental results on cells shows that electromagnetic radiation, either produced by biofield therapy (BFT) or laser, induced an increase in intracellular free calcium concentration. An explanation of this phenomenon is proposed.

Methods: Quantum chemistry calculations were performed on Ca²⁺ with different degrees of hydration with the DFT/r²SCAN-3c method together with the implicit solvation model SMD.

Results: Ca²⁺ dehydration energy by quantum calculations, in an aqueous medium, coincides with the experimental results of the energy of the photon emitted in biofield therapies and lasers. This strongly suggests that the increased intracellular free calcium concentration is because of calcium ion dehydration upon the application of radiation. The Ca²⁺ dehydration increases the membrane potential due to an augment of the net charge on Ca²⁺ and it moves near the membrane by the attraction of its negative ions. The voltage-dependent channels are also activated by this membrane potential.

Conclusion: The increased intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration occurs with biofield therapy (BFT) or laser. A novel explanation is given based on resonance-induced Ca²⁺ dehydration with applied radiation, supported by experimental data and theoretical calculations.

Keywords: Biofield; Biophotons; Calcium dehydration; Calcium increase concentration model; Intracellular calcium concentration; Quantum calculations.