Copper iodide nanoparticles supported on modified graphene-based nanocomposite catalyzed CO2 conversion into oxazolidinone derivatives

Abstract

We report on the preparation of copper iodide nanoparticles (NPs) immobilized on vitamin B₃-modified graphene (CuI/GO-VB) nanocomposite and its application for the synthesis of oxazolidinone compounds using a remarkable carboxylative cyclization method via the reaction of arylacetylene, aldehyde and benzylamine derivatives under an atmospheric pressure of CO₂ gas. The CuI/GO-VB catalyst was prepared from graphene oxide (GO), vitamin B₃ (VB) and CuI using a two-step procedure; firstly graphene-based composite (GO-VB) was synthesized by the reaction of GO and nicotinoyl chloride, followed by the immobilization of CuI NPs on GO-VB. The CuI/GO-VB nanocomposite was fully identified with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The catalytic performance of the CuI/GO-VB heterogeneous catalyst was investigated in carboxylative cyclization for the synthesis of oxazolidinone compounds under an atmospheric pressure of CO₂ gas at 100^οC in solvent-, base-, and additive-free conditions; the corresponding oxazolidinone compounds were obtained in 79-94% yield. The hot filtration results indicated that CuI/GO-VB nanocomposite was a heterogeneous catalyst and showed a good reusability for 5 runs without a significant decrease in its catalytic performance.

Keywords: CO2 conversion; Copper iodide nanoparticles; Graphene-based nanocomposite; Heterogeneous catalyst; Oxazolidinone; Vitamin B3.