Clade 2.3.4.4 H5 chimeric cold-adapted attenuated influenza vaccines induced cross-reactive protection in mice and ferrets

Weiyang Sun; Jiaqi Xu; Zhenfei Wang; Dongxu Li; Yue Sun; Menghan Zhu; Xiawei Liu; Yuanguo Li; Fangxu Li; Tiecheng Wang; Na Feng; Zhendong Guo; Xianzhu Xia; Yuwei Gao

doi:10.1128/jvi.01101-23

Clade 2.3.4.4 H5 chimeric cold-adapted attenuated influenza vaccines induced cross-reactive protection in mice and ferrets

J Virol. 2023 Nov 30;97(11):e0110123. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01101-23. Epub 2023 Nov 2.

Authors

Weiyang Sun¹, Jiaqi Xu^{1

2}, Zhenfei Wang^{1

3}, Dongxu Li^{1

4}, Yue Sun^{1

5}, Menghan Zhu^{1

6}, Xiawei Liu^{1

6}, Yuanguo Li¹, Fangxu Li^{1

2}, Tiecheng Wang¹, Na Feng¹, Zhendong Guo¹, Xianzhu Xia^{1

7}, Yuwei Gao^{1

7}

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changchun, China.
² Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, College of Life Sciences,Shandong Normal University , Jinan, China.
³ Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun, China.
⁴ College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University , Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
⁵ Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University , Changchun, China.
⁶ Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Kaifeng, China.
⁷ Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, China.

Abstract

Clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have circulated globally and caused substantial economic loss. Increasing numbers of humans have been infected with Clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 AIVs in recent years. Only a few human influenza vaccines have been licensed to date. However, the licensed live attenuated influenza virus vaccine exhibited the potential of being recombinant with the wild-type influenza A virus (IAV). Therefore, we developed a chimeric cold-adapted attenuated influenza vaccine based on the Clade 2.3.4.4 H5 AIVs. These H5 vaccines demonstrate the advantage of being non-recombinant with circulated IAVs in the future influenza vaccine study. The findings of our current study reveal that these H5 vaccines can induce cross-reactive protective efficacy in mice and ferrets. Our H5 vaccines may provide a novel option for developing human-infected Clade 2.3.4.4 H5 AIV vaccines.

Keywords: H5Nx influenza viruses; cold-adapted attenuated influenza vaccine; ferrets; immunity; mice.

MeSH terms

Animals
Antibodies, Viral
Cross Protection*
Ferrets
Influenza A virus*
Influenza Vaccines* / genetics
Influenza in Birds
Mice
Orthomyxoviridae Infections* / prevention & control
Vaccines, Attenuated

Substances

Antibodies, Viral
Influenza Vaccines
Vaccines, Attenuated