The outcome of acute leukemia patients with SET-NUP214 fusion after allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Yuyan Shen; Donglin Yang; Rongli Zhang; Xin Chen; Qiaoling Ma; Jialin Wei; Weihua Zhai; Aiming Pang; Yi He; Erlie Jiang; Sizhou Feng

doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1256043

The outcome of acute leukemia patients with SET-NUP214 fusion after allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Front Oncol. 2023 Oct 13:13:1256043. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1256043. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Yuyan Shen^{1

2}, Donglin Yang^{1

2}, Rongli Zhang^{1

2}, Xin Chen^{1

2}, Qiaoling Ma^{1

2}, Jialin Wei^{1

2}, Weihua Zhai^{1

2}, Aiming Pang^{1

2}, Yi He^{1

2}, Erlie Jiang^{1

2}, Sizhou Feng^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
² Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China.

Abstract

SET-NUP214 fusion gene, also known as TAF-1-CAN and SET-CAN, is observed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). SET-NUP214 fusion in T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with chemotherapy resistance, but the prognosis of patients with AML with SET-NUP214 has rarely been reported. In the present study, we retrospectively analyzed all patients with acute leukemia including AML and T-ALL patients with SET-NUP214 fusion who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) in our center from July 2017 to November 2022. Of the total 11 patients, 5 patients were diagnosed with AML and 6 patients were diagnosed with T-ALL de novo. All patients received myeloablative regimens in CR1, and there were three (60%) AML patients who relapsed post-alloHSCT and three T-ALL (50%) patients who relapsed post-alloHSCT. Only one patient with AML who relapsed post-alloHSCT responded to subsequent chemotherapy plus donor lymphocyte infusion and survived the last follow-up. The estimated 1-year overall survival and 3-year overall survival for all these 11 patients were 69.3% and 38.5%, respectively. The estimated 1-year leukemia-free survival and 3-year leukemia-free survival for all patients were 69.3% and 38.5%, respectively. The research shows a high incidence of relapse for patients with acute leukemia with the SET-NUP214 fusion gene, even after alloHSCT. More clinical trials or research with larger samples are urgently needed for this group of patients.

Keywords: SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion; acute T lymphoblastic leukemia; acute myeloid leukemia; allogeneic stem cell transplanation; del(9q).

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work is supported by Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commission Grant (21JCZDJC01170), the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2021-I2M-C&T-B-080,2021-I2M-1-017), and the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innovation Fund (22HHXBSS00036) to SF.