The Association of Dyslipidemia and Atherogenic Indices With Glycemic Control in Diabetic Dyslipidemia Patients: A Real-World Landscape

Isaac J Bage; Sadishkumar Kamalanathan; Sandhiya Selvarajan; Jayaprakash Sahoo; Mathaiyan Jayanthi; Dukhabandhu Naik

doi:10.7759/cureus.45985

The Association of Dyslipidemia and Atherogenic Indices With Glycemic Control in Diabetic Dyslipidemia Patients: A Real-World Landscape

Cureus. 2023 Sep 26;15(9):e45985. doi: 10.7759/cureus.45985. eCollection 2023 Sep.

Authors

Isaac J Bage¹, Sadishkumar Kamalanathan¹, Sandhiya Selvarajan², Jayaprakash Sahoo¹, Mathaiyan Jayanthi³, Dukhabandhu Naik¹

Affiliations

¹ Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND.
² Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND.
³ Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND.

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia is an important comorbid factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to assess the pattern of dyslipidemia and atherogenic indices and determine its relation with glycemic control.

Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 382 patients with diabetic dyslipidemia. The socio-demographics data, clinical features, and laboratory parameters were collected. The baseline lipid parameters such as total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) were measured. Atherogenic indices such as TC/HDL-C ratio, TG/HDL-C ratio, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, non-HDL-C/HDL-C and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) [log10 (TG/HDL-C)] were calculated. T2DM patients were classified into three groups based on the degree of glycemic control: Good glycemic control (HbA1C<7%), fair control (HbA1C 7-8%), and poor control (HbA1C>8%).

Results: The population's mean age was 48.60±6.15 years, with 145 (38%) males. We found mixed dyslipidemia as the most prevalent (36.1%) form of dyslipidemia in our patients. The most common pattern in atherogenic indices was AIP (94.2%). HbA1c was positively correlated with duration of diabetes (r=0.253, p<0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, duration of diabetes (>10 years) was significantly associated with poor glycemic control with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.31(95% CI; 1.25-4.24, p=0.007).

Conclusion: The present study indicated that neither the pattern of dyslipidemia nor the atherogenic indices were markers of poor glycemic control among South Indian patients attending our tertiary care institute. However, duration of diabetes was significantly associated with poor glycemic control.

Keywords: atherogenic indices; diabetic dyslipidemia; glycemic control; hba1c; pattern of dyslipidemia.