Intrauterine device migration into the bladder leading to stones formation

BMJ Case Rep. 2023 Oct 24;16(10):e256547. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2023-256547.

Abstract

An intrauterine device (IUD) is a popular method of contraception mainly used in developing countries. Perforation is one of the most serious but a rare complication secondary to the insertion of an IUD, while perforation into the intravesical organs such as the bladder is even more rare. A 30-year-old multipara in early 30s, with two previous caesarean sections (CS) and one curettage, was found to have her IUD puncturing the bladder during a cystoscopy procedure to remove her bladder stones. Transvesical migration of an IUD is an uncommon complication with a high rate of calculi formation, which is thought to be caused by the IUD's lithogenic potential. Imaging approaches such as ultrasound and pelvic X-rays are considered imperative in the accurate diagnosis. Any migrated IUD should be removed regardless of location. Prompt and continual monitoring of women using an IUD is essential and in a case where the IUD has migrated, the removal using the endoscopic approach is a safe and effective method.

Keywords: Contraception; Reproductive medicine; Urinary tract infections; Urological surgery.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cystoscopy / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intrauterine Device Migration* / adverse effects
  • Intrauterine Devices
  • Urinary Bladder / injuries
  • Urinary Bladder Calculi* / diagnostic imaging
  • Urinary Bladder Calculi* / etiology
  • Urinary Bladder Calculi* / surgery