Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load kinetics using digital PCR

Elizabeth Hastie; Harold Amogan; David Looney; Sanjay R Mehta

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20739

Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load kinetics using digital PCR

Heliyon. 2023 Oct 6;9(10):e20739. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20739. eCollection 2023 Oct.

Authors

Elizabeth Hastie¹, Harold Amogan², David Looney^{1

3}, Sanjay R Mehta^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, CA, 92093, USA.
² Veterans Medical Research Foundation, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92163, USA.
³ San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA, 92163, USA.

Abstract

Background: The relationship between the viral kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 and clinical outcomes remains unclear.

Methods: A convenience sample of 955 remnant nasopharyngeal swabs collected during routine care between 11/18/20 and 9/26/21 were analyzed using digital PCR and associated clinical data extracted from the medical record. 18 individuals had >1 sample within 30 days of onset of symptoms.

Results: Paired samples were an average of 6 [range: 0-13] days apart. Four individuals sampled twice on the same day had a median 0.52 log₁₀ viral load difference between samples. Of the remaining, 12 individuals had a decrease in viral load over time, with an average decay of -0.23 log₁₀/day.

Conclusions: Our study found a similar rate of viral decay to others, but did not find associations between viral kinetics and clinical outcomes. Larger studies would be useful to support the use of this measurement as a surrogate endpoint for therapeutic studies.

Keywords: COVID-19; Digital PCR; Sars-CoV-2; Viral decay; Viral kinetics.