Objective: To explore the cognition of the "undetectable equals untransmittable" ("U=U") concept and associated factors among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) receiving antiviral treatment (ART) in Shenzhen, and provide evidence for designing promotion and advocacy strategies for the "U=U" concept. Methods: We recruited HIV-infected MSM receiving ART using convenient sampling method combined with routine follow-up in Shenzhen through conducting observational survey. The sample size was estimated to be 475. A questionnaire was administered to collect socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, ART, viral load testing and the cognition towards "U=U" in HIV-infected MSM. Logistic regression was used to access factors associated with acceptance of "U=U". Results: A total of 490 HIV-infected MSM receiving ART were recruited. Of whom, 60.2% (295/490) were aware of "U=U" and 50.6% (248/490) accepted "U=U". Multiple logistic regression showed that participants who had an educational level of college or above (aOR=1.76,95%CI: 1.12-2.75) were more likely to accept "U=U". Those who had no local residency (aOR=0.51,95%CI: 0.29-0.92), had viral load >0 copies/ml in the last testing (aOR=0.61,95%CI: 0.38-0.98) and were unaware of "U=U" (aOR=0.13, 95%CI: 0.09-0.21), were less likely to accept "U=U". Conclusions: HIV-infected MSM receiving ART had a low cognition level of "U=U" in Shenzhen. Promotion and advocacy on this concept through healthcare workers should be enhanced in combination with routine follow-up in order to improve their ART adherence and outcome of treatment. Furthermore, developing related guidelines on "U=U" according to the characteristics of HIV-infected individuals is warranted to improve the normalization of promotion and advocacy on "U=U".
目的： 了解深圳市抗病毒治疗MSM HIV感染者（MSM感染者）对“检测不到等于无传染性”（“U=U”）理念的认知状况，并分析影响其认知的因素，为制定针对该理念的宣传和倡导策略提供依据。 方法： 结合HIV感染者日常随访，在深圳市通过方便抽样招募抗病毒治疗MSM感染者为研究对象，开展横断面调查，估算样本量为475例。利用调查问卷收集研究对象的社会人口学、性行为、抗病毒治疗、病毒载量检测信息，以及对“U=U”理念的认知情况等内容，并采用logistic回归模型分析影响研究对象接受“U=U”理念的相关因素。 结果： 共490例抗病毒治疗MSM感染者，其中知晓“U=U”理念的占60.2%（295/490），接受“U=U”理念的占50.6%（248/490）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，大专及以上文化程度（aOR=1.76，95%CI：1.12~2.75）的研究对象更可能接受“U=U”理念；无本地户籍（aOR=0.51，95%CI：0.29~0.92）、最近1次病毒载量检测结果>0拷贝数/ml（aOR=0.61，95%CI：0.38~0.98）和不知晓“U=U”理念（aOR=0.13，95%CI：0.09~0.21）的研究对象更可能不接受“U=U”理念。 结论： 深圳市抗病毒治疗MSM感染者对“U=U”理念的认知仍处于较低水平，应结合其日常随访，通过医务人员加大对该理念的宣传和倡导力度，提高MSM感染者抗病毒治疗的依从性和治疗的效果。同时，要根据MSM感染者的人群特点，制定相关工作指南，提高“U=U”理念宣传和倡导工作的规范性。.