Novel compound heterozygous ATP1A2 variants in a patient with fetal akinesia/hypokinesia sequence

Abstract

ATP1A2 encodes a subunit of sodium/potassium-transporting adenosine triphosphatase (Na⁺ /K⁺ -ATPase). Heterozygous pathogenic variants of ATP1A2 cause familial hemiplegic migraine, alternating hemiplegia of childhood, and developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Biallelic loss-of-function variants in ATP1A2 lead to fetal akinesia, respiratory insufficiency, microcephaly, polymicrogyria, and dysmorphic facies, resulting in fetal death. Here, we describe a patient with compound heterozygous ATP1A2 variants consisting of missense and nonsense variants. He survived after birth with brain malformations and the fetal akinesia/hypokinesia sequence. We report a novel type of compound heterozygous variant that might extend the disease spectrum of ATP1A2.

Keywords: ATP1A2; fetal akinesia/hypokinesia sequence.