A single-dose of intranasal vaccination with a live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate promotes protective mucosal and systemic immunity

Awadalkareem Adam; Birte Kalveram; John Yun-Chung Chen; Jason Yeung; Leslie Rodriguez; Ankita Singh; Pei-Yong Shi; Xuping Xie; Tian Wang

doi:10.1038/s41541-023-00753-4

A single-dose of intranasal vaccination with a live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate promotes protective mucosal and systemic immunity

NPJ Vaccines. 2023 Oct 20;8(1):160. doi: 10.1038/s41541-023-00753-4.

Authors

Awadalkareem Adam^#^{1

2}, Birte Kalveram^#¹, John Yun-Chung Chen³, Jason Yeung³, Leslie Rodriguez¹, Ankita Singh¹, Pei-Yong Shi^{4

5

6

7

8}, Xuping Xie^{9

10}, Tian Wang^{11

12

13

14}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
² Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
³ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
⁴ Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. peshi@utmb.edu.
⁵ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. peshi@utmb.edu.
⁶ Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. peshi@utmb.edu.
⁷ Sealy Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. peshi@utmb.edu.
⁸ Sealy Center for Structural Biology & Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. peshi@utmb.edu.
⁹ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. xuxie@utmb.edu.
¹⁰ Sealy Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. xuxie@utmb.edu.
¹¹ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. ti1wang@utmb.edu.
¹² Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. ti1wang@utmb.edu.
¹³ Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. ti1wang@utmb.edu.
¹⁴ Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. ti1wang@utmb.edu.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

An attenuated SARS-CoV-2 virus with modified viral transcriptional regulatory sequences and deletion of open-reading frames 3, 6, 7 and 8 (∆3678) was previously reported to protect hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission. Here we report that a single-dose intranasal vaccination of ∆3678 protects K18-hACE2 mice from wild-type or variant SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Compared with wild-type virus infection, the ∆3678 vaccination induces equivalent or higher levels of lung and systemic T cell, B cell, IgA, and IgG responses. The results suggest ∆3678 as an attractive mucosal vaccine candidate to boost pulmonary immunity against SARS-CoV-2.

Abstract

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