1 Research and Innovation Center, King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11553, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea; Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: zmemish@ksmc.med.sa.
2 National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Right to Care, South Africa; University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa.
3 Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
4 Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
5 Department of Anthropology, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada; Department of Biohazard, Quebec National Institute of Public Health, Quebec, QC, Canada.
6 CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning, Beijing, China; CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
7 National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
8 National Centre for Infectious Diseases; Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
9 School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
10 Public Health Informatics Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
11 Department of Infectious Diseases, and Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory Epidemiology Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
12 School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana; Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
13 Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
14 Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
15 National Emergency Operation Center, Islamabad, Pakistan.
16 Department of Disease Control, Nonthaburi, Thailand; National Vaccine Institute of Thailand, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
17 Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Digital Engineering gGmbH Digital Engineering, Brandenburg, Germany.
18 Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.