Luting laminate veneers: Do resin-composites produce less polymerization stress than resin cements?

Abstract

Objectives: Regular composites could produce less polymerization stress than resin cements when luting laminate veneers but there is no proper evidence to support this theory. The current study aimed to determine the degree of conversion, volumetric shrinkage, polymerization stress and the resultant elastic moduli of materials currently used for adhesive cementation and to determine possible correlations.

Methods: The study considered (i) regular resin composites (Admira Fusion, Gradia, Grandioso, Palfique, Sirius Z, Viscalor and Z100) at room and pre-warmed (PW) at 69ºC, (ii) flowable composites (Sigma Flow and Grandioso Flow); (iii) solely light-activated cements (AllCem Veneer, Variolink Esthetic and RelyX Veneer); and (iv) one dual-activated resin cement (SpeedCEM). Degree of conversion (DC, n = 3) was accessed with FTIR 1 h after irradiation. Bonded-disk and Bioman II instruments were used to access polymerization shrinkage strain and shrinkage stress, respectively, for 60 min at 23 ± 1^◦C (n = 3). The elastic modulus was determined by 3-point bending flexural test (n = 6). The results were submitted to analyse s of variance, Tukey's, and correlation tests.

Results: For regular composites, the pre-warming did not affect DC, shrinkage and modulus but significantly increased the stress magnitude. Correlation tests indicated a significant relationship only between stress and polymerization shrinkage (r = 0.811343).

Significance: Regular composites can produce less polymerization stress than resin cements when luting laminate veneers. Polymerization stress was dependent on the shrinkage magnitude, but not on the degree of conversion nor the elastic modulus.

Keywords: Dental materials; Shrinkage; Shrinkage stress; Thermoplastic technique; Veneer cements.