Introduction: in patients with anterior glenohumeral (GH) instability together with an off-track or engaging Hill-Sachs (HS) defect, Bankart-remplissage (B-R) surgery reduces the recurrence rate when compared to Bankart (B) surgery alone. There is controversy regarding whether the recurrence rate also decreases in patients with on-track or non-engaging Hill-Sachs defects.
Objective: to compare the recurrence rate and clinical evolution of patients with anterior glenohumeral instability with 'on-track' Hill-Sachs defect treated with either B or B-R surgery.
Material and methods: non-randomized, retrospective, single-center cohort study of patients with anterior glenohumeral instability and on-track Hill-Sachs defect, operated between January 2010 and December 2018. Patients operated with B versus B-R were compared. Recurrence, complications and re-operation were recorded. In addition, VAS, SSV, WOSI and qDASH scores were obtained and compared in both groups.
Results: of the 105 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 78 (74.3%) patients had a complete follow-up (52 B and 26 B-R, 4.3 years median follow-up). There was a higher recurrence rate in group B compared to B-R, with this difference not reaching statistical significance (17.3% vs 7.7%, p = 0.21). There were no significant differences in residual pain, feeling of instability, complications or VAS, qDASH, SSV or WOSI scores between both groups. In the subgroup analysis, patients who practiced contact sports and were operated with B showed higher recurrence rates (24.1% vs 0%, p = 0.08) and complications (41.4% vs 18.2%, p = 0.16) when compared to B + R, although these differences were not significant.
Conclusion: there were no significant differences in recurrence rates and functional evolution between patients with anterior glenohumeral instability operated with B or B-R surgery. Comparative, prospective studies should be performed to establish definitive recommendations.
Introducción: en pacientes con inestabilidad glenohumeral (GH) anterior con defecto de Hill-Sachs (HS) off-track o enganchante, Bankart-remplissage (B + R) reduce tasa de recurrencia en comparación a Bankart aislado (B). Hay controversia si tasa de recurrencia también disminuye en pacientes con defecto de HS on-track o no enganchantes.
Objetivo: comparar la tasa de recurrencia y evolución clínica entre la cirugía de B versus B-R en pacientes operados por inestabilidad glenohumeral anterior con defecto de Hill-Sachs on-track.
Material y métodos: estudio de cohorte, no randomizado, retrospectivo y unicéntrico, en pacientes operados por inestabilidad glenohumeral anterior, entre Enero 2010 y Diciembre de 2018. Se incluyen sólo pacientes con defecto de Hill-Sachs on-track. Fueron comparados pacientes operados con cirugía de B versus B + R. Se consigna recurrencia, complicación, reoperación y sensación de inestabilidad. Además, se realizan y comparan puntajes de EVA, SSV, WOSI y qDASH.
Resultados: de los 105 pacientes que cumplieron criterios de inclusión, 78 (74.3%) realizaron seguimiento completo (52 B y 26 B + R, 4.3 años mediana de seguimiento). Hubo mayor tasa de recurrencia en grupo B en comparación a B + R, siendo esta diferencia no significativa (17.3% versus 7.7%, p = 0.21). No hubo diferencia significativa en dolor residual, sensación de inestabilidad residual, complicaciones o puntajes de escala EVA, qDASH, SSV ni WOSI. En análisis por subgrupo, pacientes con deportes de contacto, B tienen mayor tasa de recurrencia (24.1% versus 0%, p = 0.08) y complicaciones comparadas con B + R (41.4% versus 18.2%, p = 0.16), siendo estas diferencias no significativas.
Conclusión: no hubo diferencias significativas en tasa de recurrencia y evolución funcional entre cirugía de Bankart aislado o Bankart-remplissage para inestabilidad glenohumeral anterior asociada a defecto de Hill-Sachs on-track. Estudios comparativos, prospectivos deben realizarse para establecer recomendaciones definitivas.
Keywords: Bankart; PROMs; bone loss; glenoid track; remplissage; shoulder anterior instability.