Roadmap for phase change materials in photonics and beyond

Patinharekandy Prabhathan; Kandammathe Valiyaveedu Sreekanth; Jinghua Teng; Joo Hwan Ko; Young Jin Yoo; Hyeon-Ho Jeong; Yubin Lee; Shoujun Zhang; Tun Cao; Cosmin-Constantin Popescu; Brian Mills; Tian Gu; Zhuoran Fang; Rui Chen; Hao Tong; Yi Wang; Qiang He; Yitao Lu; Zhiyuan Liu; Han Yu; Avik Mandal; Yihao Cui; Abbas Sheikh Ansari; Viraj Bhingardive; Myungkoo Kang; Choon Kong Lai; Moritz Merklein; Maximilian J Müller; Young Min Song; Zhen Tian; Juejun Hu; Maria Losurdo; Arka Majumdar; Xiangshui Miao; Xiao Chen; Behrad Gholipour; Kathleen A Richardson; Benjamin J Eggleton; Kanudha Sharda; Matthias Wuttig; Ranjan Singh

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.107946

Roadmap for phase change materials in photonics and beyond

iScience. 2023 Sep 22;26(10):107946. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107946. eCollection 2023 Oct 20.

Authors

Patinharekandy Prabhathan^{1

2}, Kandammathe Valiyaveedu Sreekanth³, Jinghua Teng³, Joo Hwan Ko⁴, Young Jin Yoo⁴, Hyeon-Ho Jeong⁴, Yubin Lee⁵, Shoujun Zhang⁶, Tun Cao⁷, Cosmin-Constantin Popescu⁸, Brian Mills⁸, Tian Gu^{8

9}, Zhuoran Fang¹⁰, Rui Chen¹⁰, Hao Tong¹¹, Yi Wang¹¹, Qiang He¹¹, Yitao Lu¹¹, Zhiyuan Liu¹¹, Han Yu¹², Avik Mandal¹³, Yihao Cui¹³, Abbas Sheikh Ansari¹³, Viraj Bhingardive¹³, Myungkoo Kang¹⁴, Choon Kong Lai^{15

16}, Moritz Merklein^{15

16}, Maximilian J Müller¹⁷, Young Min Song^{4

18

19}, Zhen Tian⁶, Juejun Hu^{8

9}, Maria Losurdo²⁰, Arka Majumdar¹⁰, Xiangshui Miao¹¹, Xiao Chen¹², Behrad Gholipour¹³, Kathleen A Richardson^{14

21}, Benjamin J Eggleton^{15

16}, Kanudha Sharda^{22

23}, Matthias Wuttig^{17

24}, Ranjan Singh^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
² Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, The Photonic Institute, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
³ Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore.
⁴ School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
⁵ School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
⁶ DELL, Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Technology (Ministry of Education of China), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
⁷ DELL, School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
⁸ Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
⁹ Materials Research Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA.
¹¹ Wuhan National Research Center for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
¹² Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
¹³ Nanoscale Optics Lab, ECE Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
¹⁴ CREOL, College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
¹⁵ Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, NSW 2006, Australia.
¹⁶ The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, New South Wales, NSW 2006, Australia.
¹⁷ Institute of Physics IA, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
¹⁸ Anti-Viral Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
¹⁹ AI Graduate School, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
²⁰ Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l'Energia, CNR-ICMATE, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy.
²¹ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
²² iScience, Cell Press, 125 London Wall, Barbican, London EC2Y 5AJ, UK.
²³ iScience, Cell Press, RELX India Pvt Ltd., 14th Floor, Building No. 10B, DLF Cyber City, Phase II, Gurugram, Haryana 122002, India.
²⁴ Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI 10), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany.

Abstract

Phase Change Materials (PCMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential as a platform for achieving diverse functionalities in active and reconfigurable micro-nanophotonic devices across the electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from terahertz to visible frequencies. This comprehensive roadmap reviews the material and device aspects of PCMs, and their diverse applications in active and reconfigurable micro-nanophotonic devices across the electromagnetic spectrum. It discusses various device configurations and optimization techniques, including deep learning-based metasurface design. The integration of PCMs with Photonic Integrated Circuits and advanced electric-driven PCMs are explored. PCMs hold great promise for multifunctional device development, including applications in non-volatile memory, optical data storage, photonics, energy harvesting, biomedical technology, neuromorphic computing, thermal management, and flexible electronics.

Keywords: Applied physics; Materials application; Physics.

Publication types

Review