Clinical utility of polygenic scores for cardiometabolic disease in Arabs

Nat Commun. 2023 Oct 18;14(1):6535. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41985-1.

Abstract

Arabs account for 5% of the world population and have a high burden of cardiometabolic disease, yet clinical utility of polygenic risk prediction in Arabs remains understudied. Among 5399 Arab patients, we optimize polygenic scores for 10 cardiometabolic traits, achieving a performance that is better than published scores and on par with performance in European-ancestry individuals. Odds ratio per standard deviation (OR per SD) for a type 2 diabetes score was 1.83 (95% CI 1.74-1.92), and each SD of body mass index (BMI) score was associated with 1.18 kg/m2 difference in BMI. Polygenic scores associated with disease independent of conventional risk factors, and also associated with disease severity-OR per SD for coronary artery disease (CAD) was 1.78 (95% CI 1.66-1.90) for three-vessel CAD and 1.41 (95% CI 1.29-1.53) for one-vessel CAD. We propose a pragmatic framework leveraging public data as one way to advance equitable clinical implementation of polygenic scores in non-European populations.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Arabs / genetics
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / genetics
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / epidemiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / genetics
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Humans
  • Phenotype
  • Risk Factors