Unmet needs for care for activities of daily living among older adults with functional disabilities in Vietnam

Front Public Health. 2023 Oct 2:11:1216785. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1216785. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Background: Given its low-middle-income status, Vietnam is experiencing a rapidly aging population. Along with this demographic trend, the care needs of older adults, particularly those with functional disabilities, have become an emerging policy issue.

Purpose: This study examined the prevalence of unmet needs for care in activities of daily living (ADLs) among Vietnamese older adults with functional disabilities.

Methods: We used data from the Population Change and Family Planning Survey (PCS) in 2021, which was a nationally representative survey. Cross-tabulations and logistic regressions were applied to identify older adults' individual and household factors associated with their unmet care needs.

Results: Overall, 4.80% of older adults with at least one functional disability needing care to perform one or more ADLs suffered from unmet needs, of whom 2.32% did not receive any care and 3.05% received insufficient assistance. Logistic regression results revealed that age, sex, place of residence, ethnicity, marital status, education levels, and self-rated health were significantly associated with unmet needs. The higher risk of having unmet needs is associated with those in middle age (70-79), men, rural residents, ethnic minorities, currently unmarried people, those with less than a primary educational level, and those with normal or poor self-rated health.

Conclusion: Attention should be paid to vulnerable older adults, such as those living in rural areas with poor health status, in order to reduce their unmet needs for ADL assistance.

Keywords: Vietnam; activities of daily living (ADLs); aging; care; older persons; unmet needs.

MeSH terms

  • Activities of Daily Living*
  • Aged
  • Disabled Persons*
  • Health Status
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Vietnam / epidemiology

Grants and funding

This research is funded by the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number 502.99-2020.341, in which PP was team leader, while LG and TP were researchers.