Detailed Phytochemical Evaluation of a Locally Endemic Species (Campanula baskilensis) by LC-MS/MS and Its In-Depth Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities

Chem Biodivers. 2023 Dec;20(12):e202301182. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202301182. Epub 2023 Nov 20.

Abstract

The importance of bioactive plant species in the scientific world is increasing day by day. The relationship between health and traditional-modern life, promotes the creation of new value-added natural products. This is the first research to conduct a bioactivity and chemical composition analysis of Campanula baskilensis species, which belongs to the medicinally important genus Campanula L (Campanulaceae). The aim of the current study is to quantitatively investigate the phytochemical contents of aerial and root parts of different C. baskilensis extracts (ethanol, methanol, and water) by LC-MS/MS and to evaluate their total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities. Remarkably, LC-MS/MS results revealed that, high amounts of quinic acid (53.6 mg/g aerial-MeOH extract), fumaric acid (6.3 mg/g aerial-H2 O extract, 2.5 mg/g root-H2 O extract), protocatechuic acid (11.4 mg/g aerial-H2 O extract), vanillic acid (1.4 mg/g aerial-EtOH extract), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (rutin) (2.3 mg/g aerial-EtOH extract), hesperetin 7-rutinoside (hesperidin) (2.0 mg/g aerial-EtOH extract), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (nicotiflorin) (5.5 mg/g aerial-EtOH extract) were detected in the extracts of the species. Considering the bioactivity tests performed on C. baskilensis extracts, aerial-H2 O extract showed significant activity in all antioxidant assays. However, ethanol extracts of root and aerial parts exhibited the highest activities in all enzyme inhibitory tests.

Keywords: Campanula baskilensis; LC-MS/MS; antioxidant; bioactivity; enzyme inhibition.

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants* / chemistry
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
  • Chromatography, Liquid / methods
  • Ethanol
  • Hesperidin*
  • Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Phytochemicals / chemistry
  • Plant Components, Aerial / chemistry
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Plant Extracts
  • Hesperidin
  • Ethanol
  • Phytochemicals