Denture Stomatitis and Candida albicans in the Indian Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Harkanwal Preet Singh; Pardeep Bansal; Thippeswamy Sh

doi:10.7759/cureus.45182

Denture Stomatitis and Candida albicans in the Indian Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cureus. 2023 Sep 13;15(9):e45182. doi: 10.7759/cureus.45182. eCollection 2023 Sep.

Authors

Harkanwal Preet Singh¹, Pardeep Bansal², Thippeswamy Sh¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences (Baba Farid University of Health Sciences), Faridkot, IND.
² Department of Prosthodontics, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences (Baba Farid University of Health Sciences), Faridkot, IND.

Abstract

Denture stomatitis (DS), a common oral condition among denture wearers, is frequently associated with Candida albicans (C. albicans) colonization. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of DS prevalence and its relationship with C. albicans in the Indian population. We conducted a thorough search of multiple databases for studies without any limitation to the publication timeframe, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eligible studies were assessed for quality and included in the meta-analysis. Data regarding DS prevalence, risk factors, and C. albicans colonization were extracted and analyzed. A total of four studies comprising 415 participants were included in the review. The overall odds ratio (OR) and risk ratio (RR) for the prevalence of C. albicans in DS patients were 0.75 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.99) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.00), respectively, indicating a statistically significant association between DS and C. albicans colonization. Several risk factors, including continuous denture wearing, advanced denture age, poor denture hygiene, and high sugar intake, were identified as contributing to DS development. This systematic review and meta-analysis highlight the substantial burden of DS and its association with C. albicans colonization in the Indian population. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive oral care, improved denture hygiene, dietary counseling, and interventions to enhance salivary flow in denture wearers to mitigate the risk of DS. These insights can inform healthcare providers and policymakers to develop targeted strategies for DS prevention and management in India. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the significance of oral health awareness and preventive strategies in groups with a high frequency of denture usage in a larger population.

Keywords: candida albicans; denture stomatitis; indian population; meta-analysis; prevalence; risk factors; systematic review.

Publication types

Review