Exosomes as a delivery tool of exercise-induced beneficial factors for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhijie Lai; Jiling Liang; Jingfeng Zhang; Yuheng Mao; Xinguang Zheng; Xiang Shen; Wentao Lin; Guoqin Xu

doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1190095

Exosomes as a delivery tool of exercise-induced beneficial factors for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Front Physiol. 2023 Sep 29:14:1190095. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1190095. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Zhijie Lai¹, Jiling Liang^#², Jingfeng Zhang³, Yuheng Mao⁴, Xinguang Zheng¹, Xiang Shen¹, Wentao Lin^{4

5}, Guoqin Xu^{4

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of School of Physical Education, Guangzhou College of Commerce, Guangzhou, China.
² College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.
³ College of Humanities Education, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
⁴ Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.
⁵ Department of School of Physical Education, Zhuhai College of Science and Techology, Zhuhai, China.
⁶ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Exercise-derived exosomes have been identified as novel players in mediating cell-to-cell communication in the beneficial effects of improving cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review aimed to systematically investigate exosomes as delivery tools for the benefits of exercise in the prevention and treatment of CVD and summarize these outcomes with an overview of their therapeutic implications. Among the 1417 articles obtained in nine database searches (PubMed, EBSCO, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, Ovid, Science Direct, Scopus, and Wiley), 12 articles were included based on eligibility criteria. The results indicate that exercise increases the release of exosomes, increasing exosomal markers (TSG101, CD63, and CD81) and exosome-carried miRNAs (miR-125b-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-342-5p, miR-126, miR-130a, miR-138-5p, and miR-455). These miRNAs mainly regulate the expression of MAPK, NF-kB, VEGF, and Caspase to protect the cardiovascular system. Moreover, the outcome indicators of myocardial apoptosis and myocardial infarction volume are significantly reduced following exercise-induced exosome release, and angiogenesis, microvessel density and left ventricular ejection fraction are significantly increased, as well as alleviating myocardial fibrosis following exercise-induced exosome release. Collectively, these results further confirm that exercise-derived exosomes have a beneficial role in potentially preventing and treating CVD and support the use of exercise-derived exosomes in clinical settings.

Keywords: cardiovascular disease; exercise; exosomes; extracellular vesicles; meta-analysis.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the Characteristic Innovation Projects of Ordinary Colleges and Universities of Guangdong, China, grant number No. 2020KTSCX065; and the Higher Education Teaching Research and Reform Project of Guangdong Province, China, grant number No. GDJD2016006.