Zinc Acetate Hydrate Supplementation versus Polaprezinc Supplementation for Improving Hypozincemia in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Etsuko Kumagai; Kazuhiro Furumachi; Akihiro Kurihara; Ken Hosokawa; Keiko Hosohata; Shinji Takai

doi:10.1155/2023/2403755

Zinc Acetate Hydrate Supplementation versus Polaprezinc Supplementation for Improving Hypozincemia in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Int J Nephrol. 2023 Oct 5:2023:2403755. doi: 10.1155/2023/2403755. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Etsuko Kumagai^{1

2}, Kazuhiro Furumachi¹, Akihiro Kurihara³, Ken Hosokawa⁴, Keiko Hosohata⁵, Shinji Takai²

Affiliations

¹ Kenwakai Hospital, 1936, Kanaenakadaira, Iida, Nagano 395-0801, Japan.
² Department of Innovative Medicine, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
³ Japanese Red Cross Society Shimoina Red Cross Hospital, 3159-1, Motoojima, Matsukawa-machi, Shimoina-gun, Nagano 399-3303, Japan.
⁴ Shimoina Kosei Hospital, 481-13, Yoshida, Takamori-machi, Shimoina-gun, Nagano 399-3102, Japan.
⁵ Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1, Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.

Abstract

Zinc supplementation may ameliorate zinc deficiency in maintenance hemodialysis patients; however, no standard protocol has been established. This study aimed to investigate the effects of zinc acetate hydrate (ZAH) and polaprezinc (PPZ) as zinc supplements in hemodialysis patients. We enrolled 75 hemodialysis patients with serum zinc levels <60 μg/dL for this study and randomly assigned Zinc supplementation to these 75 patients: 37 received ZAH (50 mg/day), and 38 received PPZ (34 mg/day). Serum zinc levels of both groups were compared every 4 weeks for 1 year. In both groups, serum zinc levels significantly increased at 4-52 weeks. Serum zinc levels were significantly higher in the ZAH group at 4-12 weeks; however, no significant differences were observed between the groups at 16-52 weeks. Adverse events requiring a reduction in the zinc dose, including copper deficiency, occurred significantly more frequently in the ZAH group. In conclusion, PPZ can safely maintain serum zinc levels for 1 year. ZAH provides rapid zinc supplementation but can cause adverse events.