High Rate Performance Supercapacitors Based on N, O Co-Doped Hierarchical Porous Carbon Foams Synthesized via Chemical Blowing and Dual Templates

Qian Zhang; Li Feng; Zhenlu Liu; Longjun Jiang; Tiancheng Lan; Chunmei Zhang; Kunming Liu; Shuijian He

doi:10.3390/molecules28196994

High Rate Performance Supercapacitors Based on N, O Co-Doped Hierarchical Porous Carbon Foams Synthesized via Chemical Blowing and Dual Templates

Molecules. 2023 Oct 9;28(19):6994. doi: 10.3390/molecules28196994.

Authors

Qian Zhang¹, Li Feng², Zhenlu Liu², Longjun Jiang¹, Tiancheng Lan¹, Chunmei Zhang³, Kunming Liu⁴, Shuijian He^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
² College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
³ Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
⁴ Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China.

Abstract

N, O Co-Doped porous carbon materials are promising electrode materials for supercapacitors. However, it is still a challenge to prepare high capacitance performance N, O Co-Doped porous carbon materials with balanced pore structure. In this work, a simple chemical blowing method was developed to produce hierarchal porous carbon materials with Zn(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O as the foaming agents and precursors of dual templates. Soybean protein isolate served as a self-doping carbon source. The amount of Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O influenced the microstructure, element content and capacitance performance of the obtained porous carbon materials. The optimized sample CZnFe-5 with the addition of 5% Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O displayed the best capacitance performance. The specific capacitance reached 271 F g^-1 at 0.2 A g^-1 and retained 133 F g^-1 at 100 A g^-1. The CZnFe-5//CZnFe-5 symmetric supercapacitors delivered a maximum energy density of 16.83 Wh kg^-1 and good stability with capacitance retention of 86.33% after 40,000 cycles tests at 50 A g^-1. The symmetric supercapacitors exhibited potential applications in lighting LED bulbs with a voltage of 3 V. This work provides a new strategy for the synthesis of hierarchical porous carbon materials for supercapacitors from low-cost biomass products.

Keywords: N, O Co-Doping; biomass products; dual template; rate performance; supercapacitor.

Abstract

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