Perceptions of the effectiveness of non-pharmacological management of respiratory disorders among CRD patients

Abstract

Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are among the leading cause of mortality worldwide. While pharmacological approaches are commonly used to manage symptoms, non-pharmacological management of CRDs is considered crucial in preventing disease progression and improving patient self-efficacy. To describe the perceived effectiveness of non-pharmacological management of CRDs among CRD patients and determine whether the CRD patients perceptions of the effectiveness of non-pharmacological management are associated with their demographic characteristics. An analytic cross-sectional study design was utilized. The non-pharmacological management practices of CRD patients and their perception of the effectiveness of these therapeutic measures were assessed using a researcher-developed questionnaire. Data collection took place in primary healthcare centers in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia from October 2021 to March 2022. The proportion of CRD patients who perceived that non-pharmacological interventions were effective was computed. Binary logistic regression was performed to determine the association between the demographic characteristics of the respondents and their perception of the effectiveness of non-pharmacological management. Among the 390 respondents, 42% perceived that non-pharmacological measures were effective. Half of the respondents believed that smoking cessation, influenza vaccination, improving physical activity, and nutrition support helped alleviate CRD symptoms, while less than half of the respondents considered pulmonary rehabilitation, educational programs, and oxygen therapy effective measures to control symptoms. Women were found to be 3.24 times more likely to perceive non-pharmacological interventions as effective (P < .0000) compared to men. Those with university-level education were 66.6% less likely to consider non-pharmacological interventions to be effective (P < .0000) than those who completed preuniversity-level education. Age and marital status did not significantly influence perceptions of effectiveness. Differences in the perceptions of the effectiveness of various non-pharmacological measures to alleviate CRD symptoms existed among the CRD patients of Al Ahsa. The perception of effectiveness was significantly associated with the patient's gender and educational attainment.