Dual-channel biosensor for simultaneous detection of S. typhimurium and L. monocytogenes using nanotags of gold nanoparticles loaded metal-organic frameworks

Abstract

Simultaneous detection of multiple foodborne pathogens is of great importance for ensuring food safety. Herein, we present a sensitive dual-channel electrochemical biosensor based on copper metal organic frameworks (CuMOF) and lead metal organic framework (PbMOF) for simultaneous detection of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) and Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes). The MOF-based nanotags were prepared by functionalizing gold nanoparticles loaded CuMOF (Au@CuMOF) and PbMOF (Au@PbMOF) with signal DNA sequences 1 (sDNA1) and sDNA2, respectively. By selecting invA of S. typhimurium and inlA gene of L. monocytogenes as targe sequences, a sandwich-typed dual-channel biosensor was developed on glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) through hybridization reactions. The sensitive detection of S. typhimurium and L. monocytogenes was achieved by the direct differential pulse voltametric (DPV) signals of Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺. Under optimal conditions, channel 1 of the biosensor showed linear range for invA gene of S. typhimurium in 1 × 10^-14-1 × 10^-8 M with low detection limit (LOD) of 3.42 × 10^-16 M (S/N = 3), and channel 2 of the biosensor showed linear range for inlA gene of L. monocytogenes in 1 × 10^-13-1 × 10^-8 M with LOD of 6.11 × 10^-15 M (S/N = 3). The dual-channel biosensor showed good selectivity which were used to detect S. typhimurium with linear range of 5-1.0 × 10⁴ CFU mL^-1 (LOD of 2.33 CFU mL^-1), and L. monocytogenes with linear range of 10 - 1.0 × 10⁴ CFU mL^-1 (LOD of 6.61 CFU mL^-1).

Keywords: Direct electrochemical signal; Dual-channel biosensor; Foodborne pathogenic bacteria; Organometallic frame; Simultaneous detection.