FOXK1 upregulation is correlated with tumor progression and tumor associated macrophages infiltration in renal cell carcinoma

Mol Carcinog. 2024 Jan;63(1):136-144. doi: 10.1002/mc.23641. Epub 2023 Oct 11.

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common urological cancers in adults. Forkhead box k1 (FOXK1) is a transcription factor involved in the progression of various malignant tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression and roles of FOXK1 in RCC development. Our findings revealed increased expression of FOXK1 in RCC tumor tissues and cell lines compared with normal controls. Functional assays demonstrated that knockdown of FOXK1 significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis in RCC cells. Furthermore, FOXK1 knockdown suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition and Wnt signaling in RCC cells. Additionally, we observed a correlation between FOXK1 upregulation and tumor associated macrophages infiltration in RCC. These results suggest that FOXK1 acts as an oncogene in RCC and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for RCC treatment.

Keywords: FOXK1; migration; proliferation; renal cell carcinoma; tumor associated macrophages.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell* / genetics
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement / genetics
  • Cell Proliferation / physiology
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Kidney Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Tumor-Associated Macrophages / metabolism
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • FOXK1 protein, human
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors