Nano cerium oxide and cerium/zinc nanocomposites characterization and therapeutic role in combating obesity via controlling oxidative stress and insulin resistance in rat model

Ahmed M A El-Seidy; Marwan A Elbaset; Fatma A A Ibrahim; Sherif A Abdelmottaleb Moussa; Samir Ae Bashandy

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127312

Nano cerium oxide and cerium/zinc nanocomposites characterization and therapeutic role in combating obesity via controlling oxidative stress and insulin resistance in rat model

J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2023 Dec:80:127312. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127312. Epub 2023 Sep 22.

Authors

Ahmed M A El-Seidy¹, Marwan A Elbaset², Fatma A A Ibrahim³, Sherif A Abdelmottaleb Moussa³, Samir Ae Bashandy²

Affiliations

¹ Inorganic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: ahmedmaee2@gmail.com.
² Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
³ Biophysics Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Cairo, Egypt.

PMID: 37804595
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127312

Abstract

Background: CeO₂NPs and ZnONPs can curb the increase of cholesterol and triglycerides observed in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. It was suggested that CeO₂ NPs could potentially have an insulin-sensitizing effect, specifically on adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. It was reported that ZnONPs combat the increase of insulin resistance observed in obese rats and could be beneficial value in NAFLD. In our previous work, ZnO-NPs manifested valuable anti-obesity effects via lowering body weight gain, oxidative stress, BMI, lipids, and insulin resistance.

Methods: In the present study, cerium oxide nanoparticles (A-1) and cerium/zinc nanocomposites (A-2 and A-3) were synthesized by solgel to investigate their role on oxidative stress, adipocyte hormones, and insulin resistance in an obese rat model. X-ray diffraction, HRTEM, SEM, and XPS were carried out to confirm the crystal structure, the particle size, the morphology of the nanoparticles and the oxidation states.

Results: The Rietveld refinement has also been executed on A-1 (chi² = 1.00; average Bragg = 2.92%; R-factor = 2.45%) and on A-2 (R_w = 9.87%, R_ex= 9.68%, χ² = 1.04, G_oF = 1.02). The XPS spectra indicated the presence of Ce in + 4 and + 3 oxidation states and Zn as ZnO and ZnO.OH. Cerium oxide and ZnO crystal sizes lie in the range 40.53-45.01 and 40.53-45.01 nm, respectively. The results indicated that treating obese rats with any of the tested nano compounds (5 mg or 10 mg/Kg) lowered plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, insulin resistance, glucose, and BMI significantly relative to obese group values. On the other hand, HDL increased significantly in obese rats after treatment with either A-2 or A-3 compared to obese rats. The current investigation showed antioxidant activities for A-1, A-2, and A3 as evidenced by the significant increase in GSH level and a significant decrease in MDA.

Conclusion: It was found that A-1, A-2, and A-3 have an efficient therapeutic role in treating of obesity-related hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress and insulin resistance. The results of A-2 and A-3 were more pronounced than those of A-1. The use of Zn/Ce nanocomposite (that have positive characteristics) in combating obesity and its complications could be become a new trend in therapeutic application for a management of obesity.

Keywords: Cerium oxide; Cerium/zinc nanocomposites; Insulin resistance; Obese; Oxidative stress; Rietveld analysis.

MeSH terms

Animals
Cerium* / chemistry
Cerium* / pharmacology
Cholesterol
Insulin Resistance*
Nanocomposites*
Nanoparticles*
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease*
Obesity / drug therapy
Oxidative Stress
Rats
Triglycerides
Zinc / pharmacology
Zinc Oxide* / chemistry
Zinc Oxide* / pharmacology

Substances

Zinc
ceric oxide
Zinc Oxide
Cerium
Cholesterol
Triglycerides