Higher weight-adjusted waist index is associated with increased likelihood of kidney stones

Hangyu Liu; Yang Ma; Lungang Shi

doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1234440

Higher weight-adjusted waist index is associated with increased likelihood of kidney stones

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 20:14:1234440. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1234440. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Hangyu Liu¹, Yang Ma², Lungang Shi²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
² Department of Plastic Surgery, Meizhou Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Meizhou, Guangdong, China.

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and the prevalence of kidney stones among adults in the United States.

Methods: The cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning the years 2007-2018. A total of 31,344 participants were categorized into two groups: those with kidney stones and those without. WWI was determined by dividing waist circumference (cm) by the square root of body weight (kg). To examine the relationship between kidney stones and WWI, multivariate logistic regression models, smoothed curve fitting, and weighted generalized additive model (GAM) regression were employed. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were conducted to explore the stability of this association across different groups.

Results: The final analysis comprised a total of 31,344 participants, including 2,928 individuals who had a history of kidney stones. In the fully adjusted model, an increase in WWI exhibited a positive correlation with the prevalence of kidney stones (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.18-1.51). When WWI was converted into quartiles (Q1-Q4), participants in the highest quartile (Q4) had a 69% greater risk of developing kidney stones compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.28-2.25). This positive association was particularly notable among non-diabetic patients.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a significant positive association between weight-adjusted waist index levels and an elevated prevalence of kidney stones among US adults. Furthermore, this research highlights the potential utility of weight-adjusted waist index in the prevention of kidney stones in the overall population. This relationship is limited and further research is needed to test this hypothesis.

Keywords: NHANES; cross-sectional study; kidney stone; obese; weight-adjusted waist index.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Abdomen
Adult
Cross-Sectional Studies
Humans
Kidney Calculi* / epidemiology
Kidney Calculi* / etiology
Logistic Models
Nutrition Surveys

Grants and funding

The authors declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (grant nos. 2022A1515012150 and 2018A030307010).