Ecotoxicological Effects of Titanium Aluminum Carbide Composites on Biochemical and Metabolic Parameters of Galleria mellonella

Abstract

Metal composites have been extensively used in various fields such as automotive industry, medicine and pharmacy. However, the high exposure of these chemicals may have an adverse effect on the living organisms. In this study, the effect of titanium aluminum carbide (Ti₃AlC₂) on the model organism Galleria mellonella was investigated. The change in the metabolic enzymes such as alanine transferase, aspartate transferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, amylase, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase in the hemolymph of G. mellonella which was exposed to Ti₃AlC₂ was determined. The contents of the bilirubin, albumin, uric acid and the total protein were also measured after the Ti₃AlC₂ exposure on the model organism. The results of our study clearly indicate that Ti₃AlC₂ has adverse effects on the model organism G. mellonella.

Keywords: Antioxidants; Environmental pollution; MXene; Titanium carbide; Transferase enzymes.