Introduction and objective: Wnt-1 signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP-1) and complement-C1q TNF-related protein 1 (CTRP1) are adipokines with possible opposite effects in regulating insulin sensitivity. The study investigated the correlation between circulating WISP-1 and CTRP1 in non-diabetic patients. Correlations between adipokines concentrations and biochemical and anthropometric parameters were also studied.
Material and methods: The cross-sectional study enrolled 107 adult patients without diabetes. Patients with obesity accounted for 52.3% of the study group. Clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory data, including serum levels of WISP-1 and CTRP1, were obtained.
Results: The moderate positive correlation between serum WISP-1 and CTRP1 concentrations was observed (p<0.000001, r=0.49). The correlation was more substantial in non-obese patients than in the obese group (r=0.66 and r=0.36, respectively; p<0.01). Circulating CTRP1 correlated positively with fasting insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol (p<0.05). WISP-1 level correlated with total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol concentrations (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in WISP-1 and CTRP1 concentrations between the groups with and without insulin resistance. The concentrations of WISP-1 and CTRP1 were significantly higher in females than in males (p<0.05).
Conclusions: WISP-1 and CTRP1 may represent interrelated factors that antagonistically affect insulin resistance.
Keywords: CCN4; CTRP1; WISP-1; adipokines; diabetes; insulin resistance; obesity.