An inverse agonist of orphan receptor GPR61 acts by a G protein-competitive allosteric mechanism

Nat Commun. 2023 Sep 23;14(1):5938. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41646-3.

Abstract

GPR61 is an orphan GPCR related to biogenic amine receptors. Its association with phenotypes relating to appetite makes it of interest as a druggable target to treat disorders of metabolism and body weight, such as obesity and cachexia. To date, the lack of structural information or a known biological ligand or tool compound has hindered comprehensive efforts to study GPR61 structure and function. Here, we report a structural characterization of GPR61, in both its active-like complex with heterotrimeric G protein and in its inactive state. Moreover, we report the discovery of a potent and selective small-molecule inverse agonist against GPR61 and structural elucidation of its allosteric binding site and mode of action. These findings offer mechanistic insights into an orphan GPCR while providing both a structural framework and tool compound to support further studies of GPR61 function and modulation.

MeSH terms

  • Allosteric Site
  • Appetite
  • Binding Sites
  • Drug Inverse Agonism*
  • GTP-Binding Proteins* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled* / agonists

Substances

  • GTP-Binding Proteins
  • GPR61 protein, human
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled