Deposition of secondary organic aerosol in human lung model: Effect of photochemically aged aerosol on human respiratory system

Hyeon-Ju Oh; Yanfang Chen; Hwajin Kim

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115497

Deposition of secondary organic aerosol in human lung model: Effect of photochemically aged aerosol on human respiratory system

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023 Oct 15:265:115497. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115497. Epub 2023 Sep 18.

Authors

Hyeon-Ju Oh¹, Yanfang Chen², Hwajin Kim³

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea. Electronic address: smju26@snu.ac.kr.
² Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
³ Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea. Electronic address: khj0116@snu.ac.kr.

PMID: 37729697
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115497

Abstract

Ultrafine particles (UFP) of Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) penetrate deep into the human respiratory system and exert fatal effects on human health. However, there is little data on the potential deposited doses of UFP-generated SOA in the human respiratory tract. This study is to estimate the fraction of aerosol deposition using a multiple-path-particle-dosimetry (MPPD) model. For relevancy of real life, the model employed measured concentrations of toluene-derived fresh and aged SOA produced within serially connected smog chamber and PAM-OFR (Potential Aerosol Mass-Oxidation Flow Reactor) under atmospheric environmental conditions (NOx and relative humidity). The number concentrations and chemical composition of fresh and aged aerosols produced within the chambers were measured using Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) and High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS), while the morphology of individual particles was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The number concentration of aged SOA-w/s was more than double compared to that of fresh SOA-w/s (maximum reached after 10 h) with its size less than 100 nm. The O:C ratio for aged SOA-w/s were 0.96 and 1.15 depending on RH (0.96 at 3% RH and 1.15 at 50% RH), and individual spherical particles containing water were present in agglomerates with its size of less than 1 µm. In all inhalable fresh and aged SOA produced in the two chambers, 5-22% of aerosol is deposited in the Head airways, 4-8% in the tracheobronchial, and 8-34% in the alveolar regions. The predominant deposition of the aged aerosol occurred in the alveoli (in the generation 20th lobe), and the deposition faction in the alveoli was 2-3 times higher in the children group than the adults group. This study presented a quantitative exposure assessment of SOA generated under a realistic simulation and suggested the possibility of evaluating long-term exposure to SOA and potential health effects by determining the potential inhalable aerosol doses and the fraction of deposition in the human respiratory system.

Keywords: Aged aerosol; Inhalable aerosol; Respiratory deposition; Secondary organic aerosol; Smog chamber; Toluene.