Background: Administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors G-SCFs can cause diagnostic challenges because of morphologic alteration of hematopoietic cells.
Methods: We experienced a patient who showed distinctive clinical and morphologic findings after short time use of G-CSF. The clinical information and examination results of the morphology of bone marrow (BM) specimen and karyotype were analyzed by reviewing relevant literature.
Results: White blood cell (WBC) counts of the patient were unresponsive to G-CSF and marrow fibrosis and megakaryocytic hyperplasia were accompanied with increase of blasts in BM. Presence of malignant clones was confirmed by cytogenetic aberrations of monosomy 7.
Conclusions: We concluded, BM study including cytogenetic analysis should be performed when such clinical findings are encountered and the possibility of hematologic malignancy should be considered.