Sound-based assembly of three-dimensional cellularized and acellularized constructs

Riccardo Tognato; Romedi Parolini; Shahrbanoo Jahangir; Junxuan Ma; Sammy Florczak; R Geoff Richards; Riccardo Levato; Mauro Alini; Tiziano Serra

doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100775

Sound-based assembly of three-dimensional cellularized and acellularized constructs

Mater Today Bio. 2023 Aug 19:22:100775. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100775. eCollection 2023 Oct.

Authors

Riccardo Tognato^{1

2}, Romedi Parolini¹, Shahrbanoo Jahangir¹, Junxuan Ma¹, Sammy Florczak^{3

4}, R Geoff Richards¹, Riccardo Levato^{3

4}, Mauro Alini¹, Tiziano Serra^{1

2

5}

Affiliations

¹ AO Research Institute Davos, Switzerland.
² Collaborative Research Partner, AO CMF CPP Bone Regeneration, Davos, Switzerland.
³ Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht and Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
⁴ Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
⁵ MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.

Abstract

Herein we show an accessible technique based on Faraday waves that assist the rapid assembly of osteoinductive β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) particles as well as human osteoblast pre-assembled in spheroids. The hydrodynamic forces originating at 'seabed' of the assembly chamber can be used to tightly aggregate inorganic and biological entities at packing densities that resemble those of native tissues. Additionally, following a layer-by-layer assembly procedure, centimeter scaled osteoinductive three-dimensional and cellularized constructs have been fabricated. We showed that the intimate connection between biological building blocks is essential in engineering living system able of localized mineral deposition. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, the possibility to obtain three-dimensional cellularized and acellularized anisotropic constructs using Faraday waves.

Keywords: Acoustic; Biofabrication; Sound-based assembly.