Associations between blood essential metal mixture and serum uric acid: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: Although several studies have explored the associations between single essential metals and serum uric acid (SUA), the study about the essential metal mixture and the interactions of metals for hyperuricemia remains unclear.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study to explore the association of the SUA levels with the blood essential metal mixture, including magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) in Chinese community-dwelling adults (n=1039). The multivariable linear regression, the weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were conducted to estimate the associations of blood essential metals with SUA levels and the BKMR model was also conducted to estimate the interactions of the essential metals on SUA.

Results: In the multivariable linear regression, the association of blood Mg, Mn, and Cu with SUA was statistically significant, both in considering multiple metals and a single metal. In WQS regression [β=13.59 (95%CI: 5.57, 21.60)] and BKMR models, a positive association was found between the mixture of essential metals in blood and SUA. Specifically, blood Mg and Cu showed a positive association with SUA, while blood Mn showed a negative association. Additionally, no interactions between individual metals on SUA were observed.

Discussion: In conclusion, further attention should be paid to the relationship between the mixture of essential metals in blood and SUA. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Keywords: copper; essential metal mixture; interactions; magnesium; manganese; serum uric acid.