Diabetes mellitus promotes susceptibility to periodontitis-novel insight into the molecular mechanisms

Mingcan Zhao; Yuandong Xie; Wenjia Gao; Chunwang Li; Qiang Ye; Yi Li

doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1192625

Diabetes mellitus promotes susceptibility to periodontitis-novel insight into the molecular mechanisms

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Aug 16:14:1192625. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1192625. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Mingcan Zhao¹, Yuandong Xie^{1

2}, Wenjia Gao^{1

2}, Chunwang Li^{1

2}, Qiang Ye¹, Yi Li^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
² Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a main risk factor for periodontitis, but until now, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Diabetes can increase the pathogenicity of the periodontal microbiota and the inflammatory/host immune response of the periodontium. Hyperglycemia induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and enhances oxidative stress (OS), exacerbating periodontal tissue destruction. Furthermore, the alveolar bone resorption damage and the epigenetic changes in periodontal tissue induced by diabetes may also contribute to periodontitis. We will review the latest clinical data on the evidence of diabetes promoting the susceptibility of periodontitis from epidemiological, molecular mechanistic, and potential therapeutic targets and discuss the possible molecular mechanistic targets, focusing in particular on novel data on inflammatory/host immune response and OS. Understanding the intertwined pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and periodontitis can explain the cross-interference between endocrine metabolic and inflammatory diseases better, provide a theoretical basis for new systemic holistic treatment, and promote interprofessional collaboration between endocrine physicians and dentists.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; epigenetic changes; host immune response; inflammatory; microRNA; microbiota; oxidative stress; periodontitis.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Bone Resorption*
Diabetes Mellitus* / etiology
Humans
Hyperglycemia* / complications
Periodontitis* / complications
Risk Factors

Grants and funding

This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation from the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province (No. 20200201409JC), Jilin Provincial Department of Finance Project (No. JCSZ2021893-2, No. JCSZ2021893-14), the Research Foundation from the Development and Reform Commission of Jilin Province (No. 2019C050-1), and Bethune’s Research Project of Jilin University (No. 2018B40).