Rosemarinic acid protects β-cell from STZ-induced cell damage via modulating NF-κβ pathway

Waseem El-Huneidi; Shabana Anjum; Abdul Khader Mohammed; Shuhd Bin Eshaq; Sham Abdrabh; Yasser Bustanji; Nelson C Soares; Mohammad H Semreen; Karem H Alzoubi; Eman Abu-Gharbieh; Jalal Taneera

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19234

Rosemarinic acid protects β-cell from STZ-induced cell damage via modulating NF-κβ pathway

Heliyon. 2023 Aug 23;9(9):e19234. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19234. eCollection 2023 Sep.

Authors

Waseem El-Huneidi^{1

2}, Shabana Anjum^{1

3}, Abdul Khader Mohammed¹, Shuhd Bin Eshaq¹, Sham Abdrabh¹, Yasser Bustanji^{1

2

4}, Nelson C Soares^{1

5

6}, Mohammad H Semreen^{1

5}, Karem H Alzoubi^{1

5}, Eman Abu-Gharbieh^{1

2}, Jalal Taneera^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates.
² College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates.
³ College of Engineering, Drug Delivery Research Group, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
⁴ School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
⁵ College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates.
⁶ Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Lisbon, Portugal.

Abstract

Rosmarinic acid (RA), a natural ester phenolic compound, is known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. RA has also been reported to exhibit a hypoglycemic effect; however, the mechanisms underlying this effect have yet to be investigated. Therefore, the present study focused on the anti-diabetic effects and mechanism of RA in INS-1 cells using in vitro model. Streptozotocin (STZ) at a concentration of 3 mM was applied to INS-1 cells for 4 h to create a diabetic model. The cells were pretreated for 24 h with various concentrations (1 and 2.5 μM) of RA. The Cell viability, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), glucose uptake, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and protein expression of Bcl-2, NF-κB, 1L-1β, and PARP were assessed. Results showed that STZ-treated INS-1 cells exhibited reduced cell viability, insulin release, insulin content, glucose uptake, and elevated MDA and ROS levels. Cells pretreated with RA maintained the function and morphology of β-cells against STZ-induced damage. Moreover, RA sustained high protein expression levels of Bcl-2 and low expression levels of NF-κB, IL-1β, and PARP. In conclusion, RA preserved β-cells function against STZ-induced damage by altering NF-κB and Bcl-2 pathways.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Bcl-2; Diabetes; INS-1 cell; NF-κB; Rosmarenic acid; STZ.