Isolation, characterization and application of a lytic phage vB_VspM_VS1 against Vibrio splendidus biofilm

PLoS One. 2023 Sep 1;18(9):e0289895. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289895. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Vibrio splendidus is a common pathogen in the ocean that infects Apostichopus japonicus, Atlantic salmon and Crassostrea gigas, leading to a variety of diseases. In this study, a virulent phage vB_VspM_VS1, which infects V. splendidus, was isolated from aquaculture ponds in Dalian, China, and it belongs to the family Straboviridae in the order Caudoviricetes. vB_VspM_VS1 had an adsorption rate of 96% in 15 min, a latent period of 65 min, and a burst size of 140 ± 6 PFU/cell. The complete genome of phage vB_VspM_VS1 consists of a linear double-stranded DNA that is 248,270 bp in length with an average G + C content of 42.5% and 389 putative protein-coding genes; 116 genes have known functions. There are 4 tail fiber genes in the positive and negative strands of the phage vB_VspM_VS1 genome. The protein domain of the phage vB_VspM_VS1 tail fibers was obtained from the Protein Data Bank and the SMART (http://smart.embl.de) database. Bacterial challenge tests revealed that the growth of V. splendidus HS0 was apparently inhibited (OD600 < 0.01) in 12 h at an MOI of 10. In against biofilms, we also showed that the OD570 value of the vB_VspM_VS1-treated group (MOI = 1) decreased significantly to 0.04 ± 0.01 compared with that of the control group (0.48 ± 0.08) at 24 h. This study characterizes the genome of the phage vB_VspM_VS1 that infects the pathogenic bacterium V. splendidus of A. japonicus.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adsorption
  • Bacteriophages*
  • Biofilms
  • Databases, Protein

Supplementary concepts

  • Vibrio splendidus

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the General project of Education Department of Zhejiang Province (Y202043742), the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo (2021J118, 2021J113), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42206093, 82160403), the special Fund Project of Education Scientific and Technological Innovation of Gansu Province (2022QB-137), the Science Foundation of Gansu Province of China (21JR7RE183), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. (LQ23C190005), Ningbo Yongjiang Talent Introduction Programme (No. 2021B-029-C), and the K.C. Wong Magna Fund at Ningbo University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.