Resilience and stress as predictors of work engagement: the mediating role of self-efficacy in nurses

Elard Cabrera-Aguilar; Margarita Zevallos-Francia; Mardel Morales-García; Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel; Sandra B Morales-García; Liset Z Sairitupa-Sanchez; Wilter C Morales-García

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1202048

Resilience and stress as predictors of work engagement: the mediating role of self-efficacy in nurses

Front Psychiatry. 2023 Aug 15:14:1202048. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1202048. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Elard Cabrera-Aguilar¹, Margarita Zevallos-Francia¹, Mardel Morales-García², Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel^{3

4

5}, Sandra B Morales-García⁶, Liset Z Sairitupa-Sanchez⁷, Wilter C Morales-García^{8

9

10}

Affiliations

¹ Unidad de Posgrado en Salud Pública, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru.
² Unidad de Posgrado en Salud, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru.
³ Nursing Career, Azogues Campus, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cañar, Ecuador.
⁴ Laboratory of Psychometry, Comparative Psychology and Ethology, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador.
⁵ Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador.
⁶ Departamento Académico de Enfermería, Obstetricia y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
⁷ Escuela Profesional de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru.
⁸ Escuela de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru.
⁹ Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru.
¹⁰ Facultad de Teología, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru.

Abstract

Background: Nurses face high levels of stress and work demands, which can affect their work engagement and psychological well-being. Resilience and self-efficacy have been identified as important resources to improve nurses' adaptation and work engagement.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between resilience and stress on work engagement in Peruvian nurses.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, and data were collected from a sample of 459 nurses. Self-report questionnaires were administered to measure self-efficacy, resilience, stress, and work engagement. SEM analyses were performed to examine the relationship between these variables, and a mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the role of self-efficacy as a mediator in the relationship between resilience, stress, and work engagement.

Results: The results indicated a positive relationship between resilience, self-efficacy, and work engagement, as well as a negative relationship between stress and work engagement. Additionally, self-efficacy mediated the relationship between resilience and work engagement, as well as the relationship between stress and work engagement in nurses.

Conclusion: Personal resources such as self-efficacy are a key factor in the relationship between resilience (work resources), stress (work demands), and work engagement of Peruvian nurses. Strengthening self-efficacy and resilience can improve work engagement and personal satisfaction of nurses. Hospital administrators and nursing managers should consider the importance of resilience, stress, work engagement, and self-efficacy in registered nurses and develop effective strategies to improve them. This can have a positive impact on the quality of care provided to patients and on the job satisfaction of nurses.

Keywords: nurses; resilience; self-efficacy; stress; work engagement.