Much Stronger Chemiluminescence of 9-Mesityl-10-methylacridinium Ion than Lucigenin at Neutral Conditions for Co2+ Detection

Hongzhan Liu; Fangshuo Liu; Kaixiang Ji; Yuriy T Zholudov; Islam M Mostafa; Baohua Lou; Wei Zhang; Guobao Xu

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02386

Much Stronger Chemiluminescence of 9-Mesityl-10-methylacridinium Ion than Lucigenin at Neutral Conditions for Co²⁺ Detection

Anal Chem. 2023 Sep 12;95(36):13614-13619. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02386. Epub 2023 Aug 28.

Authors

Hongzhan Liu^{1

2}, Fangshuo Liu^{1

2}, Kaixiang Ji^{1

3}, Yuriy T Zholudov⁴, Islam M Mostafa^{1

5}, Baohua Lou¹, Wei Zhang^{1

2}, Guobao Xu^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
² School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
³ College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
⁴ Laboratory of Analytical Optochemotronics, Biomedical Engineering Department, Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics, Kharkiv 61166, Ukraine.
⁵ Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.

PMID: 37639529
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02386

Abstract

9-Mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion (Acr⁺-Mes) is a donor-acceptor molecule with a much longer lifetime and a higher energy electron transfer excited state than natural photosynthetic reaction centers. Unlike lucigenin with a coplanar geometry, Acr⁺-Mes has an orthogonal geometry. There is no π conjugation between Acr⁺ and Mes. Due to its special electron donor-acceptor structure, it does not rely on strong alkalinity to generate an electron transfer state like lucigenin, which makes it possible to achieve chemiluminescence (CL) under weakly alkaline or neutral conditions. In this study, we report Acr⁺-Mes CL for the first time. Acr⁺-Mes generates about 400 times stronger CL intensity than lucigenin under neutral conditions (pH = 7) using KHSO₅ as the coreactant. Moreover, Co²⁺ can enhance Acr⁺-Mes/KHSO₅ CL remarkably. Acr⁺-Mes/KHSO₅ CL enables Co²⁺ detection with a linear range of 0.5-500 nM and a limit of detection of 28 pM (S/N = 3). This method was tested for the detection of Co²⁺ in lake water, and the standard recovery rate of 96.8-107% was achieved. This study provides a new way to develop efficient CL systems in neutral solutions.