Objective: Intuitive eating (IE) is consistently associated with a lower body mass index, though its relationship with adiposity, specifically abdominal adiposity, is unknown. Given that midlife women often experience increases in adiposity during midlife, our objective was to examine the association between IE and adiposity in midlife women. We also aimed to validate the factor structure of the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES) in a sample of midlife women.
Method: We analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of 116 women between 40 and 64 years of age. Participants completed in-person visits and self-reported questionnaires, including the 21-item IES. Adiposity was assessed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Measurements included total body fat percentage and android/gynoid (AG) ratio as a measure of abdominal adiposity.
Results: Confirmatory factor analysis of the IES demonstrated a poor fit to the data. Thus, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis which resulted in a 15-item scale with five items on each subscale, and demonstrated improved fit. Higher intuitive eating was associated with lower total body fat percentage (β = -6.77, p < 0.0001) and lower abdominal adiposity (β = -0.09, p = 0.0005). Higher scores on eating for physical reasons and reliance on internal hunger and satiety cues were associated with lower total body fat and lower abdominal adiposity.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that higher intuitive eating is associated with lower total body fat percentage and lower abdominal adiposity. These results may have public health implications to promote intuitive eating in midlife women, a population at risk of weight gain and changes to body fat distribution.
Keywords: Adiposity; Eating behaviors; Intuitive eating; Midlife; Obesity; Women.
Published by Elsevier Ltd.