Altered Proteomic Profile of Exosomes Secreted from Vero Cells Infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

Xuehuai Shen; Lei Yin; Shuangshuang Xu; Jieru Wang; Dongdong Yin; Ruihong Zhao; Xiaocheng Pan; Yin Dai; Hongyan Hou; Xueli Zhou; Xiaomiao Hu

doi:10.3390/v15081640

Altered Proteomic Profile of Exosomes Secreted from Vero Cells Infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

Viruses. 2023 Jul 27;15(8):1640. doi: 10.3390/v15081640.

Authors

Xuehuai Shen^{1

2

3}, Lei Yin^{1

2}, Shuangshuang Xu^{1

2}, Jieru Wang^{1

2}, Dongdong Yin^{1

2}, Ruihong Zhao^{1

2}, Xiaocheng Pan^{1

2}, Yin Dai^{1

2}, Hongyan Hou^{1

2}, Xueli Zhou^{1

2}, Xiaomiao Hu^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, Hefei 230031, China.
² Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China.
³ College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.

Abstract

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection causes severe diarrhea in pigs and can be fatal in newborn piglets. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells that transfer biologically active proteins, lipids, and RNA to neighboring or distant cells. Herein, the morphology, particle size, and secretion of exosomes derived from a control and PEDV-infected group are examined, followed by a proteomic analysis of the exosomes. The results show that the exosomes secreted from the Vero cells had a typical cup-shaped structure. The average particle size of the exosomes from the PEDV-infected group was 112.4 nm, whereas that from the control group was 150.8 nm. The exosome density analysis and characteristic protein determination revealed that the content of exosomes in the PEDV-infected group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The quantitative proteomics assays revealed 544 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the PEDV-infected group's exosomes compared with those in the controls, with 236 upregulated and 308 downregulated proteins. The DEPs were closely associated with cellular regulatory pathways, such as the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and cytoskeletal regulation. These findings provide the basis for further investigation of the pathogenic mechanisms of PEDV and the discovery of novel antiviral targets.

Keywords: PEDV; Vero cells; cellular regulatory pathway; exosomes; proteomics.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Chlorocebus aethiops
Exosomes*
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus*
Proteomics
Signal Transduction
Swine
Vero Cells

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province, grant number 202204c06020009; the Special Fund for Anhui Agriculture Research System, grant number AHCYJXTX-05-13; the Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province, grant number 202204c06020039; the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number 32202801; the Platform Project of the Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, grant number 2023YL013; the Major Special Project of Industry-University-Research Cooperation in Lu’an, grant number LA-2020.