Tetrabromobisphenol a and its alternative tetrachlorobisphenol a induce oxidative stress, lipometabolism disturbance, and autophagy in the liver of male Pelophylax nigromaculatus

Yu Han; Hongmei Yang; Zhiqun Liu; Chao Hu; Imane Lamine; Zhiquan Liu; Panpan Gao; Yanming Sui; Pei Zheng; Hangjun Zhang; Xiuying Jia

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166421

Tetrabromobisphenol a and its alternative tetrachlorobisphenol a induce oxidative stress, lipometabolism disturbance, and autophagy in the liver of male Pelophylax nigromaculatus

Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 10:903:166421. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166421. Epub 2023 Aug 23.

Authors

Yu Han¹, Hongmei Yang¹, Zhiqun Liu¹, Chao Hu¹, Imane Lamine², Zhiquan Liu¹, Panpan Gao¹, Yanming Sui³, Pei Zheng⁴, Hangjun Zhang¹, Xiuying Jia⁵

Affiliations

¹ Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
² Laboratory of Aquatic Systems, Marine and Continental Ecosystems, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco.
³ School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224002, China.
⁴ Dianshan branch of Ecological Environment Bureau, Zhoushan, 316299, China.
⁵ Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, China. Electronic address: jiaxiuying0523@163.com.

PMID: 37619733
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166421

Abstract

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA) have been widely used as flame retardants. However, their potential health risks to organisms have raised concerns, particularly for liver toxicity. Present study aimed to explore the toxic effects of TCBPA and TBBPA on black-spotted frogs (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) liver oxidative stress, autophagy, and lipid accumulation. After exposure to 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/L TBBPA and TCBPA for 14 days, the content of cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly elevated. In addition, the malondialdehyde level rose greatly in dose dependent. However, the glutathione level declined in high TBBPA groups (0.01 and 0.1 mg/L). Furthermore, expressions of Beclin1, Atg5, and Atg7 were significantly increased, while p62 was markedly declined, respectively. Results obstained suggested that TBBPA and TCBPA exposure induced liver toxicity in black-spotted frog. This study provided insights into the toxicity mechanism of bisphenol flame retardants in amphibians and will aid in the ecological risk assessment of flame retardants.

Keywords: Autophagy; Lipid metabolism; Oxidative stress; P. nigromaculatus; TBBPA; TCBPA.